Stress Free Essays

The stress analysis of a imple suspension system of car is done in this report which not only provides the reader with the stress calculations but also gives an insight of how proper stress analysis of real life problem can be done by using simple engineering formulas and techniques. Only one member of complete assembly is analyzed in ANSYS and the results were really promising. Acknowledgement:- We are thankful to Dr. We will write a custom essay sample on Stress or any similar topic only for you Order Now Khalid Rehman for teaching us so well that we were able to do the stress analysis of a real life problem. Without his teachings nothing in this report could be done. We are thankful for his time and help which he always gave during time of any confusion or problem. 1 . Introduction†¦ 2 2. Problem 33. CAD Model Statement † 34. Manual Solution 7 4. 1. Force Analysis 7 4. 2. Stress Analysis ? 10 4. 3. Failure Analysis 11 4. 4. Deformation Analysis †¦.. 12 5. ANSYS Analysts 13 5. 1. Messing . 13 5. 2. Procedure 15 5. 3. Results 21 6. Conclusion 25 1. Introduction:- The deciding step that passes any particular design is its stress analysis which gives the designer an insight that particular design would work or not, whether or not the esign is feasible for fabrication or further improvements are required. Stress analysis of any design not only includes the basic force and stress calculation in members but also the failure, deformation analysis of the complete assembly. Stress analysis can be done manually or by using any CAD tool like ANSYS etc. The results obtained from both solutions should match each other but there is always variation in the results. The variations can be due to ideal approximations in the manual calculations or any other assumed data. The report includes the stress analysis of a imple suspension system of a car; various assumptions are being made which are mentioned in respective sections of the report. The solution was done both manually and by using ANSYS and the results were really promising. The report includes force and stress analysis, failure analysis and deformation calculations. The report not only provides the reader with the stress calculations but also gives an insight of how proper stress analysis of real life problem can be done by using simple engineering formulas and techniques. Stress analysis of a simple suspension system of car. 3. CAD model:- The first step of any design is to make its CAD model which in our case is done by using CREO VI . 0. The Cad models are shown as follows: (Fig 3. 1 complete assembly) (Fig 3. 2 complete assembly) The above fgures show the cad model of whole assembly. The individual member models are also shown below: (Fig 3. 4 Hub) (Fig 3. 5 Connecting arm) (Fig 3. 6 spring) (Fig 3. Suspension arm) 5. ANSYS 5. 1. Messing: The details are provided according to ANSYS 13. 0 Mechanical APDL. Mesh size: smart size 1 5. 1. 2. Element type: PLANE182 2-D 4-Node Structural Solid 5. 1. 3. Element Description PLANE182 is used for 2-D modeling of solid structures. The element can be used as either a plane element (plane stress, plane st rain or generalized plane strain) or an axisymmetric element. It is defined by four nodes having two degrees of freedom at each node: translations in the nodal x and y directions. The element has plasticity, hyperelasticity, stress stiffening, large deflection, and large strain capabilities. It also has mixed formulation capability for simulating deformations of nearly incompressible elastoplastic materials, and fully incompressible hyperelastic materials. The geometry and node locations for this element are shown in Figure 182. 1. The element input data includes four nodes and the orthotropic material properties. The default element coordinate system is along global directions. Element loads are described in Node and Element Loads. Pressures may be input as surface loads on the element faces as shown by the circled numbers on Figure 182. 1. Positive pressures act into the element. 5. 1. 4. For triangular elements where the or enhanced strain formulations are pecified, degenerated shape functions and a conventional integration scheme are used. 5. 2. Procedure:- Filter GUI for analysis of structural members (Fig 5. 2. 1) Select element type plane quad 4 nodes 182 (Fig 5. 2. 2) Select Linear, Elastic and Isotropic material type (Fig 5. 2. 3) Input youngs modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s ratio to define material in Ansys (Fig 5. 2. 4) Mesh the area using the finest mesh for accurate results (smart size 1) (Fig 5. 2. 5) Apply Pressure on line and Restrict DOF for some nodes at the center to compensate How to cite Stress, Papers Stress Free Essays 1. Introduction Nowadays, stress is nothing strange for us because increasing amounts of stress can be found in every aspect of our daily lives. A large number of people suffer a lot from significant pressure, which really disturbs their day-to-day lives. We will write a custom essay sample on Stress or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sometimes they cannot concentrate on their work at all. Worst of all, they can be easily depressed, or even suicidal. There is no doubt that stress can affect people in many aspects, especially physiologically and psychologically. This study will examine the effects of stress and will also identify the best ways to manage stress. 2. Effects of Stress . 1Physiological effects 2. 1. 1 The effects of stress on physiological symptoms According to Subbulaxmi (2002), the effects of pressure can be shown in many ways. The physiological symptoms of pressure are headache, loss of appetite and high blood pressure, which result from irregular work hours, overwork and loss of sleep. If you are under stress, your physical body will quickly respond and tend to show corresponding symptoms. For example, it is hard for you to fall asleep every night and it leads to a serious headache. Another one is that if you have loss of appetite, you may lose weight quickly. Some other impacts which are muscular tensions, back or neck pain and upset stomach can also make you uncomfortable (Mojoyinola, 2008). 2. 1. 2 The effects of stress on children’s brain growth in early childhood A report by Middlebrooks and Audage (2008) states that stress can also affect children’s brains in their early ages. It is known that not only adults have pressure, but also children in their early lives. A kind of stress called toxic stress is caused by extreme harmful experiences that may last a long period of time (Middlebrooks Audage, 2008). The first effect is that the connection of brain circuits is impaired by toxic stress in early childhood, so the brains of children will not develop very well (Middlebrooks Audage, 2008). The second effect is that brain circuits are really vulnerable because of development during early childhood. Toxic stress can destroy these circuits (Middlebrooks Audage, 2008). In particular, the last effect is that the body’s immune reaction can be suppressed by the stress hormones, and it will lead to some chronic health problems (Hawkley Cacioppo, 2004). . 2Psychological effects Stress is also a vital psychological concept which can impact on mental health. In a study by Subbulaxmi (2002) it is demonstrated that the psychological effects are depression, anxiety, tension, boredom, difficulty in making decisions and job dissatisfaction. Nowadays, more and more people feel exhausted mentally due to the increase of pressure especially the working pressure. There is no doubt that work rela ted stress influences workers’ mental health. As we know, work plays a vital role in people’s lives. When people start to work, they have to face a variety of situations such as poor relationships with other colleagues, bad working conditions and role conflicts at the workplace (Mojoyinola, 2008). These can lead to some psychological problems impacting on people’s mental health. According to Subbulaxmi (2002), in the first place, workers who get stressed seriously are much more depressed and anxious than others. They are always anxious about the work so that they cannot concentrate on anything. They probably look absent-minded when they are working. Apart from depression and anxiety, boredom results in complaining about everything. Moreover, role conflicts lead to difficulty in making decisions (Mojoyinola, 2008). Lastly, they are unsatisfied with jobs on account of poor working and salary conditions. In that case, the work efficiency is usually very low. Based on the above reasons, it is more likely for workers to blame and argue with other colleagues instead of working hard and achieving success. Obviously, job stress has a negative influence on workers’ mental health, which may lead to unhappiness and low efficiency for workers. . Physical 3. 1Diet According to Pereira (n. d. ), diet may affect people’s health and emotion, for instance when people eat too much food which is high in fat may harm the cardiovascular system which is relative to stress. Therefore, developing a good eating habit is an effective way to manage stress. Reducing the intake of caffeine, alcohol, sugar, salt and fat also can reduce depressi on. These things all may encourage adrenaline to release, and also can lead to more serious depression. In addition, having fiber every day is beneficial for health, and can reduce the effects of stress. For these reasons, a balance diet has significant benefit for people who are living in stress, and it can help stressful people to manage their stress (Pereira, n. d. ). 3. 2 Exercise In a study by Edith Cowan University Student Services Centre (n. d. ), it was claimed that doing exercise can be a healthy way to reduce stress. Pereira (n. d. ) also believes that regular exercise is an effective way to relieve the stress, because doing some sports can protect the cardiovascular system from fat. When persons feel stressed, walking a half hour every day may reduce their risks of stress. Edith Cowan University Student Services Centre (n. ) suggests that doing adequate aerobic exercise such as yoga can mitigate the risks of stress and help people to be relaxed. 4. Psychology 4. 1 Communication Spending time on establishing reliable relationships and friendships contributes to stress reduction. Meanwhile, when people feel stress, they could choose their friends or families who can be trust ed to communicate with them, and talk about things which lead to their stressful feeling. During the communication, they may find the solutions of their distress and release their emotions (Edith Cowan University Student Services Centre, n. . ). However, when people get some solutions, they need to analyse the benefits and feasibility of these solution (Cooper Cartwright, 2006). 4. 2Thinking Pereira (n. d. ) claims that if people want to avoid stress, they need to determine their ways of thinking. In addition, the experience of stress can be minimized by positive thinking methods. People who are under stress should distinguish the differences between desires and goal (Pereira, n. d. ). People also need to know which things they are able to influence, and which things they cannot control. If they are unable to change something, they should learn how to accommodate the situation (Niebuhr, as cited in Pereira, n. d. ). In addition, sometimes, self-talking which is like a voice in people’s mind can be an effective way of thinking. For example, people can question the evidence when they feel stressed, they could think about how to consider objectively. This technique which is like a self-thinking can be helpful for managing stress (Pereira, n. d. ). Edith Cowan University Student Services Centre (n. d. also suggests that if someone finds out that they cannot resist any stress, they could think about some personal situation which may cause their stress, introspect themselves, and examine their lifestyles. During this progress, they will discover the stressors and some possible solutions to relive the pressure. Similarly, Cooper Cartwright (2006) believe that recognizing the causes of stress is an important strategy to manage stress. Conclusion This research examine d the effects of stress and how to manage stress in people’s daily lives. It demonstrated how pressure can impact on people and how people can manage stress. The effects of stress, which can be divided into two parts, physiological and psychological influences, show us a vital concept. It is clear that stress can affect people a lot. There are a variety of physiological symptoms such as headache, loss of appetite, and high blood pressure, which result from obvious stress in people’s daily lives. There are also some methods, such as good eating habits, effective communication, and doing more exercise, which can manage stress very well. It is difficult to predict when stress comes to us, so the best way for us is to manage stress well. How to cite Stress, Papers Stress Free Essays